[10] UV Photoreactor Design CFD Modelling
This multiphysics computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was conducted to optimise the design of an ultra-violet (UV) photoreactor. This simulation involved studying the irradiation exposure of UV, flow profile, turbulence, number of UV tubes, location of inlet and outlets of the photoreactor.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[7] Major Hazard Facility CFD Modelling and Simulation
In this project, we performed CFD simulations to capture the phenomenon associated with the accidental release of a highly flammable fluid stored in a major hazard facility (MHF).The results, as confirmed by our in-house chemical engineers, showed that the concentration of evaporated fluid was between lower flammability limit (LFL) and upper flammability limit (UFL).
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[25] Air Borne Particles CFD Simulation Study
CFD modelling and simulation study to determine how much sand particles would fly out of a truck carrying a pile of sand, how far did the sand fly and how much sand was deposited on the walls of neighbouring buildings. Our CFD study also determined which residential areas were severely affected by this sand transport process.
The phases involved in this project were:
- air
- solid particles
[23] Ground Storage Reservoir CFD Simulation
The objectives of this CFD analysis were to characterise the water flow profile inside a ground storage reservoir (GSR), predict its residence time distribution (RTD), determine whether a plug flow condition was achieved, determine the presence and severity of cavitation at the suction side of reservoir pumps.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[13] Water Clarifier CFD Analysis
CFD engineering was employed to verify and predict whether a water clarifier designed for a wastewater treatment plant will perform as intended by taking into considerations clarifier design configurations, desired flowrates, capacity and property of settling materials.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
- solid particles
[3] Water Splitter Tank Design CFD review
This design verification project using CFD technology was conducted to ensure that what the engineers had designed would work in the real world. This multiphase tank contained solid particles, liquid medium and air. One of the objectives was to reduce the level of turbulence whilst at the same time ensured the particles did not agglomerate. In addition, the design had to ensure air entrainment into the outlet pipe was eliminated or minimised.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
- solid particles
[22] Hydrocyclone Design CFD Assessment
The performance of this cyclone was predicted by CFD particulate simulation. From the initial simulation results, several design variants were designed and the simulation repeated for each design variant. The variant which demonstrated value for money and effective separation was selected for detailed design.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- solid particles
[9] Wave Stress Load CFD Analysis
In this CFD simulation, waves generated from the wind was created and these waves would pound on the support columns of the platform to determine the stress load on these columns. Knowing the stress loads would help structural engineers to size the columns appropriately.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[29] HVAC Duct CFD Simulation
In this project, the pressure drop across HVAC ducts within a 4-storey building was modelled and simulated using CFD. In addition, the pressure, be it vacuum or positive, at various areas was identified. From the results obtained, "what if" scenarios were simulated. Then, optimisation of the duct network was performed to improve its overall performance.
The phase involved in this project was:
- air
[16] Gas Diffusers CFD Assessment
CFD simulation to characterise gas diffusers with respect to diffuser hole diameter sizes, locations of holes, number of holes and length of diffuser tube. After the characterisation stage, this diffuser was optimised to enhance mass transfer rate whilst minimising gas flowrate.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[2] Suspension Mixing Tank CFD Analysis
CFD study was conducted on a multiphase mixing tank to determine the degree of homogeneity, presence of dead zone, establishing the flow profile, the power number, flow efficiency and the blending time. CFD results led to optimum mixing tank design configuration for suspension of solid particles. The variables investigated were the number baffles, baffles, number of impellers and diameter of impellers. [Click photo to see animation].
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
- solid particles
[26] Static Mixer CFD Analysis
The purpose of this CFD modelling and simulation study was to verify that the static mixer would work effectively. The study also aimed to determine the residence time distribution and to eventually optimise the design of this static mixer. The chemicals involved were Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium 1
- liquid medium 2
[12] Globe Valve Particle Erosion CFD Study
This computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis conducted inside a globe valve to determine the erosion rate, flow profile and level of turbulence inside this valve. The information revealed by our CFD study enabled the valve designer to optimise its design.
The phase involved in this project was:
- liquid medium
- solid particles
[31] Transformer Room CFD Simulation
We were engaged to conduct CFD modelling and simulation of a transformer room. Transient simulation results show the time taken to reach steady-state room temperature. All available heat sources and heat sinks were considered including heat conduction/flux through the immediate walls.
The phase involved in this project was:
- air
[30] Data Centre CFD Analysis
In this project, we performed CFD simulation of a data centre with a view to visualising the airflow, determining the presence of hot spots, minimising energy consumption by optimising the design via relocating the server racks, tile diffusers and the location of computer room air conditioners (CRACs). [Click photo to see animation]
The phase involved in this project was:
- air
[33] Cleanroom Particles CFD Contamination Study
This cleanroom CFD particles simulation analysis, which also incorporated its perforated floor, aimed to characterise the flow profile inside the cleanroom. From the simulation results, the vector plot showed air flow profile around the wafer box and table. Then, particles behaviour around the wafer box was simulated.
The phases involved in this project were:
- air
- solid particles
[6] Sump Pump CFD Simulation
This project involved the CFD analysis of sump pumps design configuration to ensure that air entrainment was minimised by eliminating the formation of vortex. This CFD simulation involved multiphase study of the interaction between air and water.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[24] Discrete Particles Erosion CFD Modelling
CFD modelling and simulation study to determine particles erosion using the Lagrangian discrete phase model in ANSYS Fluent which follows the Euler-Lagrange approach. CFD results recommended the most effective design to minimise erosion and contain the particles.
The phases involved in this project were:
- air
- solid particles
[19] Concrete Erosion CFD Study
This transient multiphase CFD study involved creating waves which would continually pound on the concrete matting used to line a lagoon embankment. One of the main objectives of this study was to predict with high accuracy the concrete erosion rate due to waves energy and particles impact.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
- solid particles
[14] Fighter Jet Projectile CFD Modelling
CFD analysis showing a 25mm projectile travelling at Mach 3 fired from an advanced fighter jet. These results enabled engineers to successfully reduce the drag coefficient by modifying the geometry of this projectile. This led to an improvement in the projectile's performance.
The phase involved in this project was:
- air
AUSTRALIA SINGAPORE
[5] Open Channel Flow CFD Simulation
This performance characterisation study via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of an open channel flow shows water flowing over a weir. The simulation results enabled engineers to design and optimise the geometry of weir so as to meet desired flowrate in order to prevent flooding.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
- solid particles
[15] CFD PIPE Erosion Modelling
CFD analysis to determine the erosion rate inside a steel pipe due to particles entrained in the liquid medium. Our CFD analysis showed that erosion was most likely to occur around bends or around the region where the fluid has to change direction.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
- solid particles
CREDIBILITY OF CFD SIMULATION RESULTS
Whilst the results from manual or traditional engineering calculations are relatively easier to check, unfortunately, due to the complexity involved in the iterations of non-linear partial differential equations, checking CFD calculations can be tedious whereas conducting physical validations to determine the accuracy of CFD results may be impractical and/or economically prohibitive. Consequently, users may have to rely on CFD results per se to make informed decisions which may involve safety consequences or pecuniary value in the magnitude of several hundred million of dollars. Obviously, having accurate CFD results will inspire confidence in the decision-making process. The accuracy of CFD results depend on six governing factors, namely:
- Boundary conditions (information to be provided by the client)
- Engineering knowledge of the subject matter
- Experience and track record of the firm in performing similar CFD projects
- Qualification and experience of the CFD specialist performing the simulation
- Quality control system
- Simulation software and hardware employed
One of the most important factors that determines the accuracy of any CFD result is the boundary conditions (BCs). Each of the mathematical equations requires meaningful values at the boundaries of the fluid domain for the calculations to generate reliable results. These numerical values are known as the boundary conditions and can be specified in several ways although in general the specification of multiphase phenomena or phenomena involving reactions is more complex than single phase phenomena. The use of wrong or inaccurate BCs will render the results inaccurate and must be prevented before modelling and simulation commence. We work closely with the clients and provide guidance to ensure that the BCs provided are meaningful, accurate and will lead to results that meet the objectives of the CFD studies. We have successfully delivered projects across many industries which exceeded client’s expectations both from the private and public sectors. The knowledge gained from an industry or project becomes part of the collective experience of the firm and is applied as when required to engineering problems emanating from other industries or projects. Thus, with a strong track record in delivering challenging engineering projects, we know exactly what to do, what directions to take and is strongly poised to provide the most appropriate recommendations to the clients.
All our simulation results are vetted by discipline engineers to ensure the results are realistic and the recommendations ensued are practical and implementable. We work closely with the clients to devise the most cost-effective solutions. At Jimmy Lea P/L, our discipline engineers consist of experienced chemical, civil, electrical and mechanical engineers. Clients are assured that our simulation results and the recommended solutions have been endorsed by our in-house discipline engineers.
Performing CFD simulations without proper knowledge may lead to misleading results. At Jimmy Lea P/L, only CFD consultants with a PhD qualification specialised and experienced in CFD are assigned to deliver CFD-related projects. We offer CFD consulting services substantiated by over 50 years of combined experience using ANSYS Fluent. Currently, our CFD specialists undertake complex projects related to aerodynamic, multiphase, multispecies, multiphysics, reaction chemistry, sliding mesh, combustion, energy and solidification-melting processes. With several PhDs specialised in CFD on-board, it is unsurprising that many clients consider us as a truly specialised engineering firm offering serious CFD consulting as one of its core services. To consistently deliver high quality reports, all projects are subjected to our stringent quality control system. Every stage is checked and reviewed to ensure the inputs or results are numerically accurate and make engineering-sense before being allowed to proceed to the next stage. This strategy prevents small errors emanating from each stage to snowball into a large error which ultimately affects the accuracy of the final results. Upon completion of all modelling and simulation iterations, the final results are independently reviewed by another PhD who has equivalent or more experienced in CFD-related projects. Eventually, all results and reports generated will be approved by our Engineering Director prior to submission to ensure a match between what the clients require and what is delivered.
Finally, we own ANSYS CFD perpetual licence with high performance computing (HPC) capability which enables parallel processing of the toughest, higher-fidelity models including more geometric details, larger systems and more complex physics. This provides a more accurate and detailed insight into the performance of a proposed design at a significantly shorter delivery time. In addition, by continually performing high fidelity simulations, we empower our clients to innovate new products or systems with a high degree of confidence that the accurate simulation results are predicting the actual performance of their products or systems under real-world conditions. ANSYS Fluent employs heavily validated models which provide assurance to stakeholders of high accuracy results. ANSYS fluid simulation solvers represent more than 1,000 person-years of R&D. This effort translates into the key benefits of fluid simulation software from ANSYS namely: experience, trust, depth and breadth. The CFD core solvers from ANSYS are trusted, used and relied upon by organisations worldwide.
[4] Vortex Drop CFD Analysis
The objective of this CFD vortex drop analysis was to determine the presence of cavitation and whether this cavitation would compromise the structural integrity of the vortex drop. The study also aimed to determine the air-core ratio of the vortex drop. Finally, the CFD analysis determined areas where the delamination and/or erosion of the pipe lining material might occur.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[8] Plume Discharge CFD Simulation
The objectives of performing CFD modelling and simulation of plume emission on an oil offshore platform was to study how the plume affects helicopter take-off and landing. Knowing this vital information allowed the landing platform to be located away from the plume.
The phases involved in this project were:
- plume
- air
[28] Cooling Tower Exhaust CFD Assessment
The objectives of performing CFD modelling and simulation of cooling towers exhaust were to determine the extent of exhaust recirculation into the cooling towers and to establish the temperature profile around the vicinity of cooling towers.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[18] Heating Element CFD Modelling
The main objective of this CFD modelling and simulation heat transfer study was to identify the heating medium minimum flowrate that would avoid flow mal‐distribution in the manifold (header) and with flow variation not exceeding 5% in each of the tube.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[32] Smoke Propagation CFD Study
Transient CFD simulation study to predict the duration it takes to fill up the entire manufacturing facility if a fire Q=700kW was to breakout. This CFD study also determined the concentration of the smoke at various locations and how much time did it take for the smoke to be evacuated.
The phases involved in this project were:
- smoke
- air
[20] Boat Design CFD Assessment
On one hand, transient CFD simulations were conducted to determine the drag coefficient of a boat's hull. On the other hand, the same CFD simulation also determined the thrust generated by all the propellers. From these two results, the boat's maximum speed was predicted.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[27] Smoke Propagation CFD Study
The key objectives of conducting this performance-based fire safety design using CFD technology were to characterise the propagation of smoke and ultimately determine with high confidence the robustness of the proposed fire safety design.
The phases involved in this project were:
- plume
- air
[11] Heat Exchanger CFD Simulation
CFD modelling and simulation of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to optimise the internal layout with respect to the number of tubes, location of baffles, detection of dead zones and calculating the level of turbulence so as to maximise the heat transfer rate.
The phase involved in this project was:
- liquid medium
[1] Mixing Tank CFD Study
This CFD simulation was employed to understand the rheological behaviour of time-independent (pseudoplastic and dilatant fluids) and time-dependent (thixotropic and rheopectic fluids) were studied. In the first scenario, the time-independent fluids were subjected to various shear-rates at constant duration of shearing whilst in the second scenario, the time-dependent fluids were subjected to constant shear-rate but different duration of shearing.
[Click photo to see animation]. The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium 1
- liquid medium 2
[21] Particles Separator CFD Modelling
We were engaged to perform detailed CFD study to determine the effectiveness of an existing separator that separates particles sedimentation from water. Then, a strategy was proposed to rectify existing proposed issues, optimise the performance of this separator and to improve the water quality.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
[17] Discrete Phase Model CFD Simulation
CFD simulation using discrete phase model (DPM) of a hot water tea leafs blancher to determine whether the existing turbulence generated, assisted by water circulation and air bubbles, was sufficient in order to maintain a turbulence circulation.
The phases involved in this project were:
- liquid medium
- air
- solid particles
CFD CONSULTANTS
As one of the established CFD consultants, providing professional CFD analysis services is one of our core simulation services. Our CFD specialists undertake projects related to aerodynamic studies, single-phase, multiphase phenomena, multispecies, multiphysics, reaction chemistry, sliding mesh, combustion, energy and solidification-melting processes. We also undertake projects related to the simulation of large particles by coupling Fluent and Rocky DEM.
Despite the increase in computing power and an advancement in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, CFD is still a very difficult subject to master because it brings together fluid mechanics, numerical methods, thermodynamics, heat transfer and computer science. Each of this topic is already a difficult subject on its own. Thus, the combination of all these topics only makes CFD technology accessible to select few who have completed advance degrees in CFD and exposed to real-world projects. Despite this, many companies in the commercial world overcome this knowledge barrier by engaging engineering consultants that provide CFD simulation services.
Our CFD consultants use ANSYS Fluent that has well-validated physical modelling capabilities to deliver fast, accurate results across the widest range of CFD and multiphysics applications. As one of the specialised CFD consultancy firms providing CFD simulation services to clients based in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Canberra, Adelaide, Darwin, Hobart, Singapore and Jakarta, we have successfully delivered over 100 projects to clients in the built environment, chemical & petrochemical, defence & security, food & beverage, marine and offshore, mining & mineral processing, oil & gas, pharmaceutical, renewable energy, semiconductor and water industries. With a combined CFD experience of over 50 years, Jimmy Lea P/L is considered as the leading engineering and simulation firm within Asia Pacific region.
Below are selected CFD real-world projects that we have successfully delivered to clients.